Common Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer may not always present symptoms in its early stages, which is why regular screenings are crucial. As the disease progresses, common signs and symptoms may include:

• Lump or Mass: A hard, irregular lump or mass in the breast or underarm area that may be painless or tender.
• Changes in Breast Shape or Size: Noticeable changes in the shape, size, or contour of the breast.

• Skin Changes: Dimpling, puckering, or redness of the breast skin, or a change in texture resembling an orange peel.
• Nipple Changes: Discharge from the nipple, which may be clear, bloody, or include a change in the appearance of the nipple (e.g., inversion or scaling).
• Swelling or Tenderness: Persistent swelling or tenderness in the breast or surrounding areas.

Risk Factors and Prevention

While some risk factors for breast cancer are beyond control, such as age and genetics, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

• Family History: A family history of breast cancer or genetic mutations (e.g., BRCA1 and BRCA2) can increase the risk. Genetic testing and counseling may help assess and manage this risk.
• Age: The risk increases with age, especially after menopause.
• Hormone Use: Prolonged use of hormone replacement therapy may increase risk.
• Lifestyle Factors: Maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, limiting alcohol consumption, and a balanced diet can contribute to reducing risk.

Regular breast self-exams, clinical breast exams by a healthcare provider, and mammography are key components of breast cancer prevention and early detection.

Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment

If breast cancer is suspected, our team at City Hospital will conduct a thorough diagnostic process to confirm the diagnosis and determine the most appropriate treatment. Diagnostic methods may include:

• Mammography: A specialized X-ray of the breast used for routine screening and detecting abnormalities.
• Ultrasound: An imaging test that uses sound waves to create pictures of the breast tissue, often used to examine suspicious areas.
• Biopsy: A procedure to remove a sample of breast tissue for laboratory analysis to confirm the presence of cancer cells and determine the type and stage of cancer.
• MRI: An imaging test that provides detailed pictures of the breast and is used for further evaluation of suspicious areas.